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How should the soil surface adjacent to a foundation be configured?

  1. Sealed to prevent water entry

  2. Compacted to provide foundation support

  3. Covered by granular soil

  4. Sloped away to provide proper drainage

The correct answer is: Sloped away to provide proper drainage

The configuration of the soil surface adjacent to a foundation is crucial for maintaining the integrity and durability of the structure. When the soil is sloped away from the foundation, it promotes effective drainage, preventing water from pooling near the base of the foundation. This design helps to mitigate water-related issues, such as flooding or soil erosion, which can lead to foundation settling or cracking over time. Proper drainage is essential because excess moisture near the foundation can weaken the soil supporting the structure, potentially leading to structural instability. By ensuring that the soil surface is sloped away, you reduce the likelihood of water infiltrating areas where it could cause harm, which is a critical aspect of home inspection and maintenance.